Royal Bardia National Park is the biggest national park (968 square kilometres) of the lowland Terai of Nepal. Tall floodplain grasslands created by the Geruwa, Babai, and Orai river system, and phantas (previously cultivated reestablished short grasslands) are the main grasslands of the park. In terms of size, there are three major grasslands: Bagaura, Khauraha, and Lamkauli. Issuing of grass-cutting permits has been continued to provide twin benefits: socio-cultural and economic benefits to the local community, and a management tool for the conservation of biodiversity. Allowing cutting of grass has also helped to minimize land use conflicts. All these grasslands are being gradually encroached by tree species and invaded by unpalatable or toxic species such as Lantana and Colebrookea sp. Grassland in the Babai valley is also decreasing in area as a result of succession. Bombax sp. and Acacia sp. have almost covered the valley. Several short-term research studies have been carried out to look at different aspects of the grassland in the park. Management intervention by the park has been done to maintain these grasslands by incorporating traditional practices adopted by the local community and recommendations of researchers. However, management intervention and a system of continuous monitoring of the impact of intervention is essential for long-term management of the grassland ecosystem.