This paper provides a brief account on the different national parks and wildlife sanctuaries in Assam (Kaziranga National Park, Pobitara Wildlife Sanctuary, Orang National Park, Manas National Park and Laokhowa Wildlife Sanctuary), West Bengal (Gorumara National Park and Jaldapara Wildlife Sanctuary), Uttar Pradesh (Dudwa National Park), in India, and in Nepal (Royal Chitwan National Park and Royal Bardia National Park), describing the status of rhino population/ habitat as well as conservation measures in each area. The strategies for regional conservation are also described, which include: controlling poaching to protect existing populations; augmenting existing small populations by translocation; building-up additional populations through reintroduction; identification of linking corridors; fresh thrust to rhino conservation by initiating Project Rhino; and practicing eco-development around rhino bearing areas.