This paper highlights on farmers' awareness of and attitude towards advantages and disadvantages of farmland conservation technologies compatible in the hills of Nepal. The research is based on information obtained from personal interview with 300 farm households conducted from April to September 1999 in Phewatal watershed "with" project intervention and Yamdi-Mardi watershed "without" project intervention. To a considerable extent, farmers in both watersheds understand about the advantages and disadvantages of tree-crop mixed farming in sloping land, trees and shrubs growing in marginal land, domestication of green manure species, crop rotation, mulching and reduced tillage practices. Despite their sound knowledge, farmers have not been able to adopt these conservation technologies intensively due to the lack of concentrated efforts of the concerned agencies to meet their immediate need of food crop production for subsistence living. However, there is enough scope to intensify these technologies through comprehensive support services and partnership programme of government agencies, non-governmental organizations and farmers' groups.