This proceedings contains 21 papers which discusses a wide range of issues from the generic and programmatic through to techniques and tools arising from natural resources management research. The publication is divided in three parts, (1) generic issues and programme approach which sets out the programme mandates of PARDYP (People and Resource Dynamics in Mountain Watersheds of the Hindu Kush-Himalayas Project)-ICIMOD (International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development) and NRSP (Natural Resources Systems Programme) Hillsides and develops their core generic issues; (2) case studies and thematic topics which focus on the role of participatory decision-support systems for developing and promoting improved hillside farming strategies relevant to the needs of marginal farmers, address the thematic topics that come principally from PARDYP and examine a range of natural resource management issues, address techniques, tools and intervention methods used to deal with declining soil fertility, investigate approaches and the issues of scaling up pilot research experiences to the wider community and links to policy taking the examples from Nepal, Bolivia and Uganda; and (3) draws together the main findings of the case studies and the thematic contributions.