Adaptation can be defined as “...
The ethological or behavior of high altitude animals is remarkably modified.
- Large herbivores have adapted to keep reserve stock of food material to meet the challenges of adverse high altitude condition. The food is stored in burrows and then in other refuges e.g. Pikas, excessive fat, in particular yellow fat, is stored in body before hibernation. Others are Marmot and Snow bear.
- Another interesting behavioral adaptation towards the shortage of food at high altitude and in tropical highland is that large herbivores habitually graze singly and apart. In contrast domestic animals often graze in herds, overgraze and damage grassland ecosystem of high altitudes.
- The bite of Yak is quicker and nearer the ground than other species of meat cattle. This is the peculiarity which equips them for short and scanty herbage (Schaller, 1977).
- Restoring to winter migration is exhibited by several animals in the Himalayas e.g. Serow, Jharal, Marmot and Snow Leopard. The animals descend from higher to lower altitudes in winter and return from lower to higher altitude in summer.
- The canidae of uplands and Himalaya (Wolves, Jackals and Wild Dogs) always move in packs to kill their larger prey showing a social organization that rarely quarrels.
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