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Overview of Nepal's energy sources and environment
| Publication Type | Journal Article |
| Year of Publication | 1996 |
| Authors | Sharma, C, K. |
| Journal Title | Atmospheric Environment |
| Volume | 30 |
| Pagination | 2717-2720 |
| ISBN Number | 1352-2310 |
| Key Words | landslides; erosion; energy sources; environment; deforestation; temperature; air pollution; water pollution; hydrocarbons; hydroelectric schemes; biogas; afforestation; energy; environmental impact |
| Abstract | In the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal faces environmental problems of most industrialized countries whereas it has problems similar to the least developed countries, in the hills. Types and quantity of energy use have a close link with the environmental degradation in Nepal Himalaya. Over dependence on the forest to meet the energy demand in the hills has aggravated the environmental problems. Lack of forest cover on the hills, the intense monsoon rain, the fragile geology and steep terrain are contributing to the acceleration of landslides, soil erosion and temperature rise. The rise of average minimum temperature is causing glaciers to retreat and thereby the development of large bodies of glacial lake. Glacial lake outbursts of 1981 in Kodari and of 1985 in Namche bazar area caused extensive damage on infrastructures down steam. Heavy use of commercial fuel (hydrocarbons) in the bowl shaped Kathmandu valley is causing air and water pollution and an increase in the average minimum temperature. Extensive development of hydropower, biogas plants and massive reforestation on naked hills and efficient use of imported hydrocarbons are the solution to existing energy and environmental problems. |
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