Requires the areas of end cross-...
- Requires the areas of mid cross-sections
- Impossible to use it when logs are stacked
- Gives volumes of frustums of cylinders and paraboloid with absolute accuracy
- Underestimates the volume and negative error
- Nearer true value than the Smalian’s formula
- Better than the Smalian’s ormula because the effect of root swell does not vitiate the result in lower-most log
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