Nepal is exceptionally rich for avian fauna with a total of 871 species recorded in just about 200 years of modern ornithological research. Bird conservation is deeply rooted in Nepali people's culture, tradition and religion. Government of Nepal, from time to time, has initiated many important conservation initiatives reecting its commitments towards bird conservation. The most important government steps include setting aside over 20% of the country's land for as the protected landscapes, listing selected bird species under strictly protected faunal species under the National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act 2029, endorsement of vulture conservation action plan, starting vulture conservation breeding centre, production of postal stamps featuring birds, etc. Nepal has also signed numerous international agreements and treaties including Convention on Biological Diversity, CITES,
Ramsar Convention, etc. Several important bird studies have been completed in Nepal. These studies, however, have been mostly focused towards globally threatened species. Many species that are of high importance at national level including Spiny Babbler Turdoides bengalensis and Danphe Lophophorus impejanus, are not studied. Funding opportunity for studying birds in Nepal is largely driven by donors' interest outside Nepal whose main
priorities are to conserve globally threatened species and globally important sites. Funding agencies within the country for initiating and supporting study of birds that are of national value are lacking. In spite of the untiring eorts by the government and several nongovernmental conservation organizations, bird populations have continued to decline in Nepal. Periodical assessments of bird species show that nationally threatened species' list
continues to grow with more and more species listed as threatened. Recommendations have been made for restoring habitats that are threatened, providing appropriate protection to species and habitat especially during breeding, starting of funding mechanism at national level to study birds of national and global importance, revisiting the protected area boundary to ensure functional unit of ecosystem for sustenance of species and habitat, exploring and taking in new concepts for bird conservation.